2023年職稱英語理工類完形填空一級重點文章
One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing 1 become troublesome. A case released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a 2 of losing fingerprints is.
Eng-Huat Tan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine1 to 3 his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the 4 , the patient decided to visit U.S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U.S. customs officials 5 4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldnt get fingerprints from the man. There were no distinctive swirly 6 appearing from his index finger2.
U.S. customs3 has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. Their index fingers are 7 and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys -- terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country4. Unfortunately, for the Singapore travelers, one potential 8 effect of his drug treatmerit is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads6. 9 , no fingerprints.
It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will 10 to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine, Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who 11 the drug to provide their patients with a doctors note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.
Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States7. I guess the name on his passport didnt raise any red flags8. But hes also now got the explanatory doctors note and wont leave home 12 it.
By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration9, 13 approved use of the drug 11 years ago, should consider 14 its list of side effects associated with this medicine. The current list does note10 that patients may experience vomiting, stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where
15 it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.
詞匯：
fingerprint n.指紋 nasopharyngeal adj.鼻咽的 whorl n.羅紋，籮狀指紋 swirly adj.旋渦狀的
annals n.年度 digit n.數字 oncology n.腫瘤學 onset n.開始 capecitabine n.卡培他濱 vomit v.嘔吐
注釋：
1. capecitabine 卡培他濱。是一種口服的化療藥物，用于治療轉移性乳腺癌、大腸癌、咽 喉癌等，以緩解腫瘤生長。
2. index finger：食指。
3. U.S. customs：美 國 海 關 。Customs 視作一個組織，用做單數名詞，所以在文章中后接has。
4. terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country：我們的聯邦衛士的職責是要把那些恐怖分 子和疑似罪犯擋在國門之外。關系代詞 that 引導的是一個限制性定語從句，修飾 terrorists and potential criminals。That 在定語從句中做 keeping 的賓語。
5. traveler：旅行者。traveler 是美國英語的拼法。英國英語的拼法是 traveller。
6. the tissue on the finger pads：指尖上的肉墊組織。
7. Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States：那位新加 坡旅客終于進入了美國。make it into 意為進入。
8. red flags：紅旗，即危險信號。揮動紅旗表示危險，最初用于鐵路，后 來西方公司等用英文 red flags 或紅色小旗表示業績下降等。
9. the Food and Drug Administration：美國食品和藥物局。
10. The current list does note：現有的副作用清單中確實列出。在肯定句謂語動詞前加do/does/did，是為了強調該動詞，漢語可譯為確實。如：
He speaks Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
He does speak Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
練習：
1. A he B them C her D him
2. A theme B topic C creation D problem
3. A treat B cut C find D smooth
4. A recovery B diet C drug D diagnosis
5. A in B at C for D on
6. A digits B marks C images D pictures
7. A printed B located C cured D placed
8. A normal B good C main D side
9. A However B Hence C Moreover D Furthermore
10. A begin B like C decide D have
11. A prevent B preserve C presume D prescribe
12. A off B on C without D with
13. A who B where C when D which
14. A updating B using C printing D cancelling
15. A must B does C may D should
答案與題解：
1. B 根據上下文的意思，失去的應該是 fingerprints。Fingerprints 是復數 形式，指代它的帶刺是 them。其他三個代詞都不合適。
2. D 前面兩個句子說，失去指紋是一大問題。本句說，要舉出一個實例以說明失去指紋會 造成極大的困擾。所以只有選項 D 最合適。
3. A第二段描述了實例的細節。第一句說病人用一種藥名為卡培他濱的抗癌藥治療他的鼻 咽癌。所以 treat 是必然的選擇。cut，find和 smooth都與 上下文接不上。
4. C 從上下文判斷，After three years on the后面應該接用 藥、治療等字眼，所以選 drug 是正確的。選 recovery，diet 或 diagnosis都與后面提到的病人進入美國受阻的事件接不上。
5. C for 表示時間上達到，for 4 hours 意為長達四小時。
6. B 美國海關因為采集不到那為癌癥患者的指紋樣本，于是盤問了他 4 小時。所以本句提 到的 swirly 應該與 marks 搭配，意思是旋渦狀指紋標記。
7. A 為了防止恐怖分子和罪犯進入美國，美國海關通過電腦對入境者進行指紋采樣，然后 與指紋庫進行比照。根據常理，海關要檢查每一位外國人的指紋。采樣的手指是食指。 后面的 screened是解題的重要線索，引導讀者選 A，即 printed。這里， printed=finger-printed。其他三個選項，即 located、cured和 placed，都與上下文的意思接不上。
8. D 實例中的新加坡人用了抗癌藥后的一個副作用是指紋消失，這是一種不良反應。所以 ， 選 good，main，normal都不符合上下文的意思，只有 side 才是答案。Side effect 意為副作用。
9. B 前面句子提及的服用抗癌藥是因，本段最后一句是果，連接詞應該用 Hence。而 However 表示轉折關系，Moreover 和 Furthermore 表示進一步的關系，與上文連 接不上。
10. A 本段表達的意思是：由于癌癥病人服用了卡培他濱后指紋何時開始消失還不清楚， 所以主治醫生要提前為病人開具指紋可能會消失的證明。to take place之前 填上 like，decide 或 have 都與上下文的意思接不上，唯有 begin 最合適。
11. D 參閱上一題的題解。本題四個選項中的英語單詞的前三個字母都是 pre-，只要知道prescribe 的詞義是開處方，就會選 D。
12. C第五段的意思是，那位病人已經拿到醫生開具的指紋消失證明單，現在他們出門旅 行不會不帶上它。本題 without 是答案。
13. D 哪一個政府機構許可使用該類抗癌藥?就是本段第一句提到的 the Food and Drug Administration。四個選項中，只有關系代詞 which 能指代 the Food and Drug Administration，它是 approved 動作的發出者。
14. A 最后一段表達的意思是：過去該藥列出的不良反應只包括嘔吐等，沒有列出指紋消 失這一副作用，現在應該補上這一條。所以，updating是答案。
15. B 最后一段最后一句中，為了強調 no where，將它移到句首，這時，原句的it does not mention the potential for loss of fingerprints就要寫成強調句形式的no where does it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints。所以，答案 是 B。
One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing 1 become troublesome. A case released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a 2 of losing fingerprints is.
Eng-Huat Tan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine1 to 3 his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the 4 , the patient decided to visit U.S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U.S. customs officials 5 4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldnt get fingerprints from the man. There were no distinctive swirly 6 appearing from his index finger2.
U.S. customs3 has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. Their index fingers are 7 and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys -- terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country4. Unfortunately, for the Singapore travelers, one potential 8 effect of his drug treatmerit is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads6. 9 , no fingerprints.
It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will 10 to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine, Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who 11 the drug to provide their patients with a doctors note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.
Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States7. I guess the name on his passport didnt raise any red flags8. But hes also now got the explanatory doctors note and wont leave home 12 it.
By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration9, 13 approved use of the drug 11 years ago, should consider 14 its list of side effects associated with this medicine. The current list does note10 that patients may experience vomiting, stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where
15 it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.
詞匯：
fingerprint n.指紋 nasopharyngeal adj.鼻咽的 whorl n.羅紋，籮狀指紋 swirly adj.旋渦狀的
annals n.年度 digit n.數字 oncology n.腫瘤學 onset n.開始 capecitabine n.卡培他濱 vomit v.嘔吐
注釋：
1. capecitabine 卡培他濱。是一種口服的化療藥物，用于治療轉移性乳腺癌、大腸癌、咽 喉癌等，以緩解腫瘤生長。
2. index finger：食指。
3. U.S. customs：美 國 海 關 。Customs 視作一個組織，用做單數名詞，所以在文章中后接has。
4. terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country：我們的聯邦衛士的職責是要把那些恐怖分 子和疑似罪犯擋在國門之外。關系代詞 that 引導的是一個限制性定語從句，修飾 terrorists and potential criminals。That 在定語從句中做 keeping 的賓語。
5. traveler：旅行者。traveler 是美國英語的拼法。英國英語的拼法是 traveller。
6. the tissue on the finger pads：指尖上的肉墊組織。
7. Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States：那位新加 坡旅客終于進入了美國。make it into 意為進入。
8. red flags：紅旗，即危險信號。揮動紅旗表示危險，最初用于鐵路，后 來西方公司等用英文 red flags 或紅色小旗表示業績下降等。
9. the Food and Drug Administration：美國食品和藥物局。
10. The current list does note：現有的副作用清單中確實列出。在肯定句謂語動詞前加do/does/did，是為了強調該動詞，漢語可譯為確實。如：
He speaks Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
He does speak Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
練習：
1. A he B them C her D him
2. A theme B topic C creation D problem
3. A treat B cut C find D smooth
4. A recovery B diet C drug D diagnosis
5. A in B at C for D on
6. A digits B marks C images D pictures
7. A printed B located C cured D placed
8. A normal B good C main D side
9. A However B Hence C Moreover D Furthermore
10. A begin B like C decide D have
11. A prevent B preserve C presume D prescribe
12. A off B on C without D with
13. A who B where C when D which
14. A updating B using C printing D cancelling
15. A must B does C may D should
答案與題解：
1. B 根據上下文的意思，失去的應該是 fingerprints。Fingerprints 是復數 形式，指代它的帶刺是 them。其他三個代詞都不合適。
2. D 前面兩個句子說，失去指紋是一大問題。本句說，要舉出一個實例以說明失去指紋會 造成極大的困擾。所以只有選項 D 最合適。
3. A第二段描述了實例的細節。第一句說病人用一種藥名為卡培他濱的抗癌藥治療他的鼻 咽癌。所以 treat 是必然的選擇。cut，find和 smooth都與 上下文接不上。
4. C 從上下文判斷，After three years on the后面應該接用 藥、治療等字眼，所以選 drug 是正確的。選 recovery，diet 或 diagnosis都與后面提到的病人進入美國受阻的事件接不上。
5. C for 表示時間上達到，for 4 hours 意為長達四小時。
6. B 美國海關因為采集不到那為癌癥患者的指紋樣本，于是盤問了他 4 小時。所以本句提 到的 swirly 應該與 marks 搭配，意思是旋渦狀指紋標記。
7. A 為了防止恐怖分子和罪犯進入美國，美國海關通過電腦對入境者進行指紋采樣，然后 與指紋庫進行比照。根據常理，海關要檢查每一位外國人的指紋。采樣的手指是食指。 后面的 screened是解題的重要線索，引導讀者選 A，即 printed。這里， printed=finger-printed。其他三個選項，即 located、cured和 placed，都與上下文的意思接不上。
8. D 實例中的新加坡人用了抗癌藥后的一個副作用是指紋消失，這是一種不良反應。所以 ， 選 good，main，normal都不符合上下文的意思，只有 side 才是答案。Side effect 意為副作用。
9. B 前面句子提及的服用抗癌藥是因，本段最后一句是果，連接詞應該用 Hence。而 However 表示轉折關系，Moreover 和 Furthermore 表示進一步的關系，與上文連 接不上。
10. A 本段表達的意思是：由于癌癥病人服用了卡培他濱后指紋何時開始消失還不清楚， 所以主治醫生要提前為病人開具指紋可能會消失的證明。to take place之前 填上 like，decide 或 have 都與上下文的意思接不上，唯有 begin 最合適。
11. D 參閱上一題的題解。本題四個選項中的英語單詞的前三個字母都是 pre-，只要知道prescribe 的詞義是開處方，就會選 D。
12. C第五段的意思是，那位病人已經拿到醫生開具的指紋消失證明單，現在他們出門旅 行不會不帶上它。本題 without 是答案。
13. D 哪一個政府機構許可使用該類抗癌藥?就是本段第一句提到的 the Food and Drug Administration。四個選項中，只有關系代詞 which 能指代 the Food and Drug Administration，它是 approved 動作的發出者。
14. A 最后一段表達的意思是：過去該藥列出的不良反應只包括嘔吐等，沒有列出指紋消 失這一副作用，現在應該補上這一條。所以，updating是答案。
15. B 最后一段最后一句中，為了強調 no where，將它移到句首，這時，原句的it does not mention the potential for loss of fingerprints就要寫成強調句形式的no where does it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints。所以，答案 是 B。
