?、?exist

　　vi. 短語 exist in存在于……中 exist on

　　靠……為生 exist by

　　靠……生存 existence n.

　　存在；生存 in existence

　　存在 come into existence

　　開始存在；成立 bring into existence

　　使產生 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 溫馨提示 exist 是不及物動詞，不能用于被動，也不能用于進行時態。 exist 還可用于there be 句型中表示“存在有”。類似的還有seem, appear, stand, lie, run, remain, etc. ⑥ exist

　　vi.

　　There appears to be lots of misunderstanding between us.

　　我們之間有很多誤會。

　　There once lived two gods who were in charge of Earth and Heaven.

　　曾經有兩個神，他們分別掌管地和天。 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 活用

　　單項填空 There, in the small temple, used to _____ a big bell. But now it has gone.

　　A. happen

　　B. come

　　C. exist

　　D. stand 解析

　　在那個小寺廟里，曾經“有”一個大鐘，但現在已經不見了。 C ⑦ gentle adj. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) Mothers are always gentle with their children.

　　(2) It's very comfortable to let the gentle wind blow on your face.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 輕輕的，輕柔的 　 B. 溫柔的，文雅的

　　A B 鏈接 gentle-looking adj.

　　看起來彬彬有禮的、看起來很紳士的 gentleman n.

　　紳士，先生 gently adv.

　　溫柔地，輕柔地，輕輕地

　　gentleness n.

　　溫柔，和善 短語 be gentle with sb.

　　對某人體貼入微 gentle in voice / action

　　聲音溫柔，舉止文雅 ⑦ gentle adj. 活用

　　單項填空 (1) Strolling at the lake, the ______ wind is brushing your face. How romantic!

　　A. mild

　　B. soft

　　C. gentle

　　D. light 解析　考查形容詞詞義辨析。題意是：信步于湖 畔，清風輕拂著你的臉。多么富有詩情畫意??！ 通過語境體現出是物體運動輕緩的語義，所以答 案是C。 ⑦ gentle adj. C ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) To escape the pull of the earth, a rocket must reach a speed of 28,440 km/h.

　　(2) He pulled the door open and rushed out.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 拉　 B. 吸引力

　　B A 短語 pull down

　　拆除； (把身體)拖垮 pull off

　　(匆忙地)脫下(衣物); (成功地)完成 pull on

　　(匆忙地)穿上 pull out

　　拔出； 駛出； 擺脫(困難) pull in

　　進站；靠岸 pull away

　　駛離；開走 ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：班車駛進車站，乘客一個個地下來了。drive away開走；push in 是不存在的短語；rush in 沖進，不合題意，所以答案是C。 活用

　　單項填空 (1) The bus ______ the bus station and the passengers got off one after another.

　　A. drove away

　　B. pushed in

　　C. pulled in

　　D. rushed in ⑧pull

　　n. & v. C 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：勇士匆忙脫下衣服跳進河里救那落水兒童。pull on匆忙穿上；put off 推遲；take off脫下，在語境中不是最佳答案；pull off匆忙脫下，所以答案是D。 (2) The brave man ______ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.

　　A. pulled on

　　B. put off

　　C. took off

　　D. pulled off ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 活用

　　單項填空 D

　?、?harmful adj. 根據語境感悟其用法 Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.

　　果汁可能對孩子們的牙齒有害。 鏈接 harm n. 傷害；損害

　　vt. 傷害……；損害……

　　harmless adj. 無害的；無惡意的 短語 do sb. harm ＝ do harm to sb.

　　對某人有害 be harmful to

　　對……有害

　?、?harmful adj. 句型 It does no harm to do sth. /There is no harm (in) doing sth.

　　不妨做某事 It wouldn't do sb. any harm to do sth.

　　做某事對某人并無害處 活用

　　用harm的適當形式填空 (1) Your smoking may be _______(有害) to the health of your baby.

　　(2) The storm has done great _____ (有害) to the crops.

　　(3) The dog seems fierce, but actually he's ________.

　　harmless

　?、?harmful adj. harmful harm 根據語境感悟其用法 They have been prevented by the traffic jam from going there on time.

　　他們被交通擁堵所阻礙，以致沒有按時到達那里。 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 鏈接 “阻止某人做某事”的幾種表達式：

　　ban sb. from doing sth.

　　stop sb. (from) doing sth.

　　keep sb. from doing sth.

　?、?prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 (1) We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution ______our life even better.

　　A. to make

　　B. making

　　C. make

　　D. against making ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 A 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是：

　　為了使我們的生活更加美好，我們必須采取果斷 而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根據語境非謂語動 詞在本句是目的狀語，所以答案是A。本題極容 易造成學生們的思維定勢而誤選B。 活用

　　單項填空 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 (2) We'll spare no effort to prevent the river ______.

　　A. from polluting

　　B. polluting

　　C. being polluted

　　D. polluted 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是： 我們將不遺余力地阻止河流污染。根據語境河流 與污染形成了被動關系，所以答案是C。

　?、?prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 C ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 根據語境感悟其用法 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain, snow, or hail.

　　強烈的風暴經常伴隨雨、雪或冰雹。 鏈接 violence n.

　　暴力，暴行 violently adv.

　　猛烈地；劇烈地 短語 a violent wind 　暴風 a violent language

　　激烈的語言 a violent attack

　　猛烈的攻擊 violent behaviour

　　暴力行為 ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)人們非常關注青少年暴力行為。 There is a great concern about ___________among adolescents. (2)狂風將船猛地推向一塊巨大的礁石。 ______________dashed the ship against a huge rock. ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 答案 (1)the violent behaviour　

　　(2)The violent wind ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 根據語境感悟其用法 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.

　　他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的傳播。 短語 spread out a map 　攤開地圖 spread news

　　傳播消息 ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)這座城市向北方延伸了10英里。 The city __________ ten miles to the north.(2)蒼蠅傳播疾病。 Flies _______ diseases. (3)壞消息通常傳得快。 Bad news usually _______________. spreads for spread spreads quickly ⑤puzzle n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) It's a puzzle to me why he hasn't come for my birthday party.

　　(2) Can you help me out with the math puzzle? (3) Her word puzzled him.

　　(4) I was puzzled how to handle the situation.

　　答案

　　(1)B 　(2)C 　(3) A 　(4) D 根據語義找匹配 A. 使……迷惑不解　 B. 謎　 C. 難題　 D. 使……為難 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 鏈接 puzzling adj.

　　令人困惑的；使人感到困惑的 puzzled adj.

　　困惑的；感到困惑的 puzzlement n.

　　困惑，迷惑 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 短語 be in a puzzle about

　　對……大惑不解 work out a puzzle

　　猜謎；解決難題 puzzle over

　　對……冥思苦想 puzzle out

　　(苦苦思索而)搞清楚 puzzle one's brain about / over 對……而大傷腦筋 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 活用

　　用puzzle的正確形式填空

　　The (1) _________ boy (2) _______ his mother,

　　so there was a (3) _______ expression on her face.

　　Much to (4) __________ of his mother, he left home

　　without saying a word.

　?、輕uzzle n. & v. puzzlement　

　　puzzling puzzled puzzled ⑥ exist

　　vi. 根據語境猜詞義 (1)Problems also exist in agriculture.

　　(2)Food will not get cheaper under existing conditions.

　　(3)She exists on tea and bread.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 生存；生活　 B. 現存的；現在的 adj.　 C. 存在；有 C A B

　　⑥ exist

　　vi. 短語 exist in存在于……中 exist on

　　靠……為生 exist by

　　靠……生存 existence n.

　　存在；生存 in existence

　　存在 come into existence

　　開始存在；成立 bring into existence

　　使產生 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 溫馨提示 exist 是不及物動詞，不能用于被動，也不能用于進行時態。 exist 還可用于there be 句型中表示“存在有”。類似的還有seem, appear, stand, lie, run, remain, etc. ⑥ exist

　　vi.

　　There appears to be lots of misunderstanding between us.

　　我們之間有很多誤會。

　　There once lived two gods who were in charge of Earth and Heaven.

　　曾經有兩個神，他們分別掌管地和天。 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 活用

　　單項填空 There, in the small temple, used to _____ a big bell. But now it has gone.

　　A. happen

　　B. come

　　C. exist

　　D. stand 解析

　　在那個小寺廟里，曾經“有”一個大鐘，但現在已經不見了。 C ⑦ gentle adj. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) Mothers are always gentle with their children.

　　(2) It's very comfortable to let the gentle wind blow on your face.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 輕輕的，輕柔的 　 B. 溫柔的，文雅的

　　A B 鏈接 gentle-looking adj.

　　看起來彬彬有禮的、看起來很紳士的 gentleman n.

　　紳士，先生 gently adv.

　　溫柔地，輕柔地，輕輕地

　　gentleness n.

　　溫柔，和善 短語 be gentle with sb.

　　對某人體貼入微 gentle in voice / action

　　聲音溫柔，舉止文雅 ⑦ gentle adj. 活用

　　單項填空 (1) Strolling at the lake, the ______ wind is brushing your face. How romantic!

　　A. mild

　　B. soft

　　C. gentle

　　D. light 解析　考查形容詞詞義辨析。題意是：信步于湖 畔，清風輕拂著你的臉。多么富有詩情畫意??！ 通過語境體現出是物體運動輕緩的語義，所以答 案是C。 ⑦ gentle adj. C ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) To escape the pull of the earth, a rocket must reach a speed of 28,440 km/h.

　　(2) He pulled the door open and rushed out.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 拉　 B. 吸引力

　　B A 短語 pull down

　　拆除； (把身體)拖垮 pull off

　　(匆忙地)脫下(衣物); (成功地)完成 pull on

　　(匆忙地)穿上 pull out

　　拔出； 駛出； 擺脫(困難) pull in

　　進站；靠岸 pull away

　　駛離；開走 ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：班車駛進車站，乘客一個個地下來了。drive away開走；push in 是不存在的短語；rush in 沖進，不合題意，所以答案是C。 活用

　　單項填空 (1) The bus ______ the bus station and the passengers got off one after another.

　　A. drove away

　　B. pushed in

　　C. pulled in

　　D. rushed in ⑧pull

　　n. & v. C 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：勇士匆忙脫下衣服跳進河里救那落水兒童。pull on匆忙穿上；put off 推遲；take off脫下，在語境中不是最佳答案；pull off匆忙脫下，所以答案是D。 (2) The brave man ______ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.

　　A. pulled on

　　B. put off

　　C. took off

　　D. pulled off ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 活用

　　單項填空 D

　?、?harmful adj. 根據語境感悟其用法 Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.

　　果汁可能對孩子們的牙齒有害。 鏈接 harm n. 傷害；損害

　　vt. 傷害……；損害……

　　harmless adj. 無害的；無惡意的 短語 do sb. harm ＝ do harm to sb.

　　對某人有害 be harmful to

　　對……有害

　?、?harmful adj. 句型 It does no harm to do sth. /There is no harm (in) doing sth.

　　不妨做某事 It wouldn't do sb. any harm to do sth.

　　做某事對某人并無害處 活用

　　用harm的適當形式填空 (1) Your smoking may be _______(有害) to the health of your baby.

　　(2) The storm has done great _____ (有害) to the crops.

　　(3) The dog seems fierce, but actually he's ________.

　　harmless

　?、?harmful adj. harmful harm 根據語境感悟其用法 They have been prevented by the traffic jam from going there on time.

　　他們被交通擁堵所阻礙，以致沒有按時到達那里。 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 鏈接 “阻止某人做某事”的幾種表達式：

　　ban sb. from doing sth.

　　stop sb. (from) doing sth.

　　keep sb. from doing sth.

　　② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 (1) We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution ______our life even better.

　　A. to make

　　B. making

　　C. make

　　D. against making ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 A 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是：

　　為了使我們的生活更加美好，我們必須采取果斷 而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根據語境非謂語動 詞在本句是目的狀語，所以答案是A。本題極容 易造成學生們的思維定勢而誤選B。 活用

　　單項填空 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 (2) We'll spare no effort to prevent the river ______.

　　A. from polluting

　　B. polluting

　　C. being polluted

　　D. polluted 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是： 我們將不遺余力地阻止河流污染。根據語境河流 與污染形成了被動關系，所以答案是C。

　　② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 C ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 根據語境感悟其用法 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain, snow, or hail.

　　強烈的風暴經常伴隨雨、雪或冰雹。 鏈接 violence n.

　　暴力，暴行 violently adv.

　　猛烈地；劇烈地 短語 a violent wind 　暴風 a violent language

　　激烈的語言 a violent attack

　　猛烈的攻擊 violent behaviour

　　暴力行為 ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)人們非常關注青少年暴力行為。 There is a great concern about ___________among adolescents. (2)狂風將船猛地推向一塊巨大的礁石。 ______________dashed the ship against a huge rock. ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 答案 (1)the violent behaviour　

　　(2)The violent wind ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 根據語境感悟其用法 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.

　　他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的傳播。 短語 spread out a map 　攤開地圖 spread news

　　傳播消息 ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)這座城市向北方延伸了10英里。 The city __________ ten miles to the north.(2)蒼蠅傳播疾病。 Flies _______ diseases. (3)壞消息通常傳得快。 Bad news usually _______________. spreads for spread spreads quickly ⑤puzzle n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) It's a puzzle to me why he hasn't come for my birthday party.

　　(2) Can you help me out with the math puzzle? (3) Her word puzzled him.

　　(4) I was puzzled how to handle the situation.

　　答案

　　(1)B 　(2)C 　(3) A 　(4) D 根據語義找匹配 A. 使……迷惑不解　 B. 謎　 C. 難題　 D. 使……為難 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 鏈接 puzzling adj.

　　令人困惑的；使人感到困惑的 puzzled adj.

　　困惑的；感到困惑的 puzzlement n.

　　困惑，迷惑 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 短語 be in a puzzle about

　　對……大惑不解 work out a puzzle

　　猜謎；解決難題 puzzle over

　　對……冥思苦想 puzzle out

　　(苦苦思索而)搞清楚 puzzle one's brain about / over 對……而大傷腦筋 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 活用

　　用puzzle的正確形式填空

　　The (1) _________ boy (2) _______ his mother,

　　so there was a (3) _______ expression on her face.

　　Much to (4) __________ of his mother, he left home

　　without saying a word.

　　⑤puzzle n. & v. puzzlement　

　　puzzling puzzled puzzled ⑥ exist

　　vi. 根據語境猜詞義 (1)Problems also exist in agriculture.

　　(2)Food will not get cheaper under existing conditions.

　　(3)She exists on tea and bread.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 生存；生活　 B. 現存的；現在的 adj.　 C. 存在；有 C A B