【2024高考調(diào)研】（新課標(biāo)·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語(yǔ)（高三總復(fù)習(xí)）Unit 21 Human Biology（課時(shí)作業(yè)）

　　Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)填空

　　1. I used to ________ my friends by letters while now the Internet is more convenient.

　　A. meet with

　　B. come up with

　　C. put up with

　　D. correspond with

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　句意：我過(guò)去和朋友們靠書(shū)信交流，而現(xiàn)在用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)更方便了。correspond with“與……通信”； meet with“碰見(jiàn)”； come up with“提出”； put up with“容忍”。

　　2. (2024·青島模擬)Some students find it hard to ________ the new teacher’s dialect.

　　A. take in

　　B. take up

　　C. take over

　　D. take on

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：一些學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)很難理解新老師的方言。take in“領(lǐng)會(huì)；理解”； take up“拿起；繼續(xù)”； take over“接收；接管”； take on“呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)”。

　　3. I fear that a prior engagement will ________ me from joining you at dinner.

　　A. disagree

　　B. prohibit

　　C. allow

　　D. permit

　　答案

　　B

　　解析

　　句意：我有約在先，恐怕不能與你共進(jìn)晚餐。根據(jù)fear一詞可以知道“不能共進(jìn)晚餐”。A項(xiàng)搭配不正確。

　　4. — You seemed to have been impressed by his lecture.

　　— Well， not exactly so. It was his way of speaking， ________ his lecture that really impressed me.

　　A. rather than

　　B. as well as

　　C. but also

　　D. together with

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。rather than“而不是”； as well as“不僅……而且……”； but also前常與not only同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。意為：“不但……而且……”； together with“和……一起”。根據(jù)句意選A。

　　5. If weather ________， I plan to go climbing on Sunday with several of my classmates.

　　A. is permitted

　　B. permits

　　C. to permit

　　D. permitting

　　答案

　　B

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞在句中的正確形式。空格處動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，因此先排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；此處表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此選B。如果去掉if，則D項(xiàng)正確，weather permitting在句中為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　6. Wang Xia was doing her homework and ________ her father was watching TV.

　　A. meanwhile

　　B. the meanwhile

　　C. while

　　D. meaning

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　本題考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。句意：王霞在做作業(yè)而與此同時(shí)，她的父親在看電視。meanwhile是副詞作狀語(yǔ)，若用while前面不加and，因?yàn)閣hile為連詞。

　　7. It is certain that his son will ________ his business when he gets old.

　　A. take over

　　B. think over

　　C. hand over

　　D. go over

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：可以確定，當(dāng)他老了的時(shí)候，他的兒子將接管他的事業(yè)。take over“接管”； think over“考慮”； hand over“移交”； go over“復(fù)習(xí)”。

　　8. The official at first ________ to make a statement， but later she agreed.

　　A. voted

　　B. opposed

　　C. postponed

　　D. declined

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　句意：這位官員起初拒絕發(fā)表聲明，但后來(lái)她同意了。vote“投票”； oppose“反對(duì)”； postpone“延緩”。oppose與postpone的后面都接v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。decline to do sth. “婉言拒絕做某事”。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

　　9. (2024·長(zhǎng)沙模擬) By this time next summer， you ________ a high paying job; on the other hand I will still be studying.

　　A. will have found

　　B. will find

　　C. have found

　　D. are found

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用。句意：截止到明年夏天這個(gè)時(shí)候，你已經(jīng)找到了一份高薪工作，而我將還在讀書(shū)。由by this time next summer可知，此處應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。

　　10. In the ________ society， human beings had to eat whatever they could find， whether it was raw or cooked food.

　　A. permanent

　　B. primitive

　　C. ancient

　　D. original

　　答案

　　B

　　解析

　　permanent“永久的；永恒的”； primitive“原始的；落后的”； ancient“古代的”； original“最初的”； primitive society“原始社會(huì)”。

　　11. Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

　　A. while

　　B. that

　　C. when

　　D. as

　　答案

　　B

　　解析

　　該題考查that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，接在fact， news， promise， possibility， information， doubt， message名詞后，用來(lái)解釋或說(shuō)明名詞的內(nèi)容。

　　12. — I think it is going to be a big problem.

　　— Yes， it could be.

　　— I wonder ________ we can do about it.

　　A. if

　　B. how

　　C. what

　　D. that

　　答案

　　C

　　解析

　　本題考查名詞性從句的連接詞的用法。wonder后面應(yīng)跟賓語(yǔ)從句，而從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞do是及物動(dòng)詞，可見(jiàn)從句缺少一個(gè)代替賓語(yǔ)的成分，我們可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我想我們能就此做些什么”。

　　13. — Who’s knocking at the door?

　　— Maybe ________ wanting to sell some new product.

　　A. everybody

　　B. anybody

　　C. somebody D. nobody

　　答案

　　C

　　解析

　　考查代詞的用法。根據(jù)問(wèn)句可知問(wèn)的是誰(shuí)在敲門(mén)，答語(yǔ)的意思是“也許是某個(gè)想出售某種新產(chǎn)品的人”，所以用somebody，表示“某個(gè)人”。

　　14. If he ________ quietly as the doctor instructed， Ronald， would not suffer so much now.

　　A. laid B. lay

　　C. should lie

　　D. had lain

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　考查混合虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意可知，從句是對(duì)過(guò)去事件的虛擬，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而主句是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)用would+動(dòng)詞原形。

　　15. If he ________ his legs in the last training, he ________ the coming World Cup， which he has been longing to compete in.

　　A. didn’t hurt； would go in for

　　B. hadn’t hurt； would have taken part in

　　C. hadn’t hurt； would join in

　　D. didn’t hurt； would have taken part in

　　答案

　　C

　　解析

　　考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。in the last training暗示第一空是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，從句應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，又根據(jù)主句中the coming World Cup可知第二空表示對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬，所以應(yīng)該用“would+動(dòng)詞原形”。

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　Among all legends and stories on the Great Wall, the most well-known one is probably about a girl called Meng Jiangnü.

　　1

　　various dynasties, the story has been modified(修改) and developed into many

　　2

　　versions(版本). The most popular one goes as follows:

　　It was in Qin Dynasty (11 B.C.~56 B.C.). Having

　　3

　　from the heavy labour work at the Great Wall construction site, a young man

　　4

　　Fan Xiliang hid in a private garden

　　5

　　he ran into Meng Jiangnü, the daughter of the garden owner. Then they fell in love and married.

　　6

　　right after the wedding, Fan Xiliang was taken away to build the Great Wall

　　7

　　. Meng Jiangnü had to wait at home alone. Winter came but Fan Xiliang did not

　　8

　　. Meng Jiangnü made him some warm

　　9

　　and decided to take them to her husband.

　　She

　　10

　　the construction site but Fan Xiliang was

　　11

　　to be found. She was then told that Fan Xiliang had

　　12

　　and his body was built into the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnü

　　13

　　night and day. Her sorrow was so deep that the Great Wall

　　14

　　and exposed the bones and bodies of many

　　15

　　men. It was hard for her to find out her husband from them, so she came up with an idea. Meng Jiangnü cut her fingers and dripped her blood on the dead

　　16

　　her blood flowed into one. Knowing that this was her husband, she

　　17

　　him and then jumped into water and killed herself.

　　18

　　is a very wide-spread legend about the Great Wall and it has been __19__ made into movies three times. Though just a legend, the story of Meng Jiangnü did tell us one

　　20

　　: many people devoted their lives to building the Great Wall, and it is the collective wisdom of the labour.

　　1. A. By

　　B. Through

　　C. With

　　D. Beyond

　　2. A. different B. same

　　C. similar

　　D. familar

　　3. A. taken

　　B. forced

　　C. prevented

　　D. escaped

　　4. A. liked

　　B. loved

　　C. called

　　D. carried

　　5. A. where

　　B. how

　　C. which

　　D. why

　　6. A. And

　　B. But

　　C. Or

　　D. So

　　7. A. once

　　B. yet

　　C. too

　　D. again

　　8. A. leave

　　B. return

　　C. write

　　D. telephone

　　9. A. hats

　　B. clothes

　　C. shirts

　　D. raincoats

　　10. A. reached

　　B. came

　　C. arrived

　　D. left

　　11. A. everywhere

　　B. somewhere

　　C. nowhere

　　D. anywhere

　　12. A. shot

　　B. killed

　　C. sold

　　D. died

　　13. A. smiled

　　B. cried

　　C. sang

　　D. scolded

　　14. A. put down

　　B. took down

　　C. came down

　　D. broke down

　　15. A. dead

　　B. poor

　　C. sleepy

　　D. hungry

　　16. A. before

　　B. after

　　C. until

　　D. unless

　　17. A. buried

　　B. fired

　　C. took

　　D. moved

　　18. A. The

　　B. This

　　C. One

　　D. Which

　　19. A. too

　　B. even

　　C. also

　　D. still

　　20. A. experience

　　B. truth

　　C. news

　　D. message

　　答案與解析

　　1. 答案

　　B

　　解析

　　由various dynasties可知，應(yīng)該是“經(jīng)過(guò)；貫穿”各個(gè)朝代，指時(shí)間，故用through。

　　2. 答案

　　A

　　解析

　　由上文the story has been modified可知，此處應(yīng)該選擇different“不同的”。

　　3. 答案

　　D

　　解析

　　由下文他躲在一個(gè)私人花園里面可知，很顯然他是忍受不了長(zhǎng)城建筑工地繁重的體力勞動(dòng)而逃離，故用escape“逃跑；逃脫”。

　　4. 答案

　　C

　　解析

　　man和call為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，表示“被叫做……”。

　　5. 答案

　　A

　　解析

　　he ran into Meng Jiangnü ....是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞garden，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句里作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where。

　　6. 答案

　　B

　　解析

　　由right after the wedding, Fan Xiliang was taken away to build the Great Wall ....可知“婚后立即被帶去修建長(zhǎng)城”與前文的結(jié)婚構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，因此用But。

　　7. 答案

　　D

　　解析

　　根據(jù)第二段第二句可知。范喜良曾經(jīng)在長(zhǎng)城工地，現(xiàn)在“再次”被帶回去，因此用again。

　　8. 答案

　　B

　　解析

　　由下句孟姜女去長(zhǎng)城尋夫可知，范喜良還是沒(méi)有回來(lái)。return“返回”。

　　9. 答案

　　B

　　解析

　　根據(jù)Winter came可知，冬天來(lái)了，她給他做棉衣(warm clothes)來(lái)御寒。

　　10. 答案

　　A

　　解析

　　她做完棉衣并去長(zhǎng)城送給丈夫，所以此處應(yīng)該是“到達(dá)”建筑工地，因此用reach。B項(xiàng)應(yīng)該加介詞to，C項(xiàng)需要介詞at。

　　11. 答案

　　C

　　解析

　　根據(jù)下文有人告訴她說(shuō)范喜良死了可知她哪兒都找不到丈夫，故用nowhere。

　　12. 答案

　　D

　　解析

　　根據(jù)“his body was built into the Great Wall”可知她丈夫“死”了，故用D。如選B應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)形式。

　　13. 答案

　　B

　　解析

　　根據(jù)“Her sorrow was so deep that ....”以及生活常識(shí)可知，丈夫去世自然會(huì)使妻子悲痛欲絕，因此用cried合適。

　　14. 答案

　　D

　　解析

　　由下文exposed the bones and bodies of many ....(露出了尸骨)可知她非常悲痛，以至于把長(zhǎng)城“哭倒”，故break down“崩塌”符合語(yǔ)境。

　　15. 答案

　　A

　　解析

　　聯(lián)系上文his body was built into the Great Wall 以及此處exposed the bones and bodies of ....可知，應(yīng)是“死人”的尸骨，故用dead符合語(yǔ)境。

　　16. 答案

　　C

　　解析

　　此處指孟姜女割破手指讓血滴在死尸上面直到血流進(jìn)一具尸骨里，表明那就是丈夫的尸體。until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“直到……”。

　　17. 答案

　　A