* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * She smiles the way (that / in which) her mother does. 她笑起來和她媽媽一樣。 I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at him. 我不喜歡你嘲笑他的方式。 3. 比較結構：as…as…等

　　as…as…意為“和……一樣……”,表示同級的

　　比較。使用時要注意第一個as為副詞,第二個

　　as為連詞。其基本用法為as+adj. / adv.+as…

　　This film is as interesting as that one (is).

　　這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。

　　Your pen writes as smoothly as mine (does).

　　你的鋼筆書寫起來和我的一樣流暢。 其否定式為not as / so+adj. / adv.+as…結構。 This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think it is. 這部字典不如你想象的那樣有用。 I didn’t catch as many as I had expected. 我抓到的不如我預想的那么多。 若有修飾成分,如twice, three times, half, a quarter 等,則其必須置于第一個as之前。 You are not half as clever as you think you are. 你可不像自己想象的一半聰明。

　　幾個關于as…as…的常見句型： ①as…as possible / sb. can 盡可能的

　　Please answer my question as soon as possible.

　　請盡快回答我的問題。

　　②as…as usual / before 像以前一樣……

　　She looks as pretty as before.

　　她看起來和以前一樣漂亮。

　　③as long as 達……之久；和……一樣長；只

　　要(引導條件狀語從句)

　　It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan. 我們花了長達3年時間才完成這項計劃。 ④as far as 遠至；就……而論,據……

　　He walked as far as the railway station yesterday

　　evening.

　　昨天晚上,他一直散步到火車站。

　　⑤as well as 和……一樣好；也；既……

　　又……；除……外,還……

　　She sings as well as she plays.

　　她唱得好,彈得也好。 He gave me his help as well as his criticism. 他除了給我批評外,還給我?guī)椭?這時強調幫助)

　　as black as coal 像煤一樣黑 as brave as a lion 像獅子一樣勇敢 as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一樣忙碌 as deep as a well 像井一樣深 as easy as ABC 像ABC一樣容易 as fat as a pig 像豬一樣肥 as firm as rock 像巖石一樣堅固 as free as a bird 像小鳥一樣自由 as happy as a king 像國王一樣快樂 as blind as a bat 像蝙蝠一樣瞎 as hot as fire 像火一樣熱 as light as a feather 像羽毛一樣輕 as patient as an ox 像牛一樣能忍耐 as poor as a church mouse

　　像教堂的老鼠一樣貧窮 as quick as lightning 像閃電一樣快 as soft as butter 像黃油一樣軟 as sweet as honey 像蜜一樣甜 as white as snow 像雪一樣白 as stupid as a donkey 像驢子一樣笨 as rich as a Jew 像猶太人一樣富裕 as wise as Solomon 像所羅門一樣聰明

　　如何寫好并列句(二)

　　辨清不同功能的并列連詞

　　在寫作中，我們必須認真分析被連接起來的簡單句之間內在的邏輯關系，然后選擇恰當的并列連詞，才能真正寫出質量好的并列句。

　　請認真研讀以下并列句，分析其邏輯關系。試試看，如果用別的功能的并列句連詞替換，邏輯關系是否會仍然成立？ 【例1】 The plane made a sudden turn and all the passengers fell sideward. 【點撥】后一個分句的意思在前一個分句的意思的基礎上有遞進。

　　【例2】 He failed many times, but he didn't despair.

　　【點撥】后一個分句的意思不是前一個分句意思的順接，而是出現轉折的結果。

　　【例3】 We stayed at home, for it was raining. 【點撥】后一個分句是前一個分句的原因的補充。

　　【例4】 He didn't work hard, so he failed in the examination.

　　【點撥】后一個分句是前一個分句的原因的補充。

　　【例5】 Hurry up, or you'll be late for class. 【點撥】后一個分句的結果與前一個分句的結果是相反的。

　　由以上的例句可見，并列連詞的選擇也是要遵循句子間的邏輯關系，如果不小心，同樣會犯邏輯錯誤。

　　請根據所給句子的信息及所提供的并列連詞完成句子 　1.This girl did her work carefully, so… ________________________________________________________________________ 　2. I have to study harder, or… _____________________________________________

　　This girl did her work carefully, so she never made any mistakes.

　　I have to study harder, or I will fall behind others.　

　　3. I want to buy the jacket, but… ________________________________________________________________________ 　4. She didn't come to school today, for… ___________________________________________ 　5. You have to learn English, and… ________________________________________________________________________

　　I want to buy the jacket, but I do not have enough money.

　　She didn't come to school today, for she was ill.

　　You have to learn English, and you must learn it well. * * * * * * * * * * * * * Part 2 Of 2 2024屆名校聯合高三英語一輪復習北師大版廣東專用

　　7. damage, destroy與 ruin

　　這三個詞都有“破壞；損壞”的意思，區(qū)別如下： ①damage一般暗示損壞或破壞具體的物品，損壞后價值或效益會降低。這種損壞是部分性的，程度不那么嚴重，還可以修復再用。也可用于表示損壞抽象的東西，有時該詞也用于比喻。 Haiti suffered great damage from the earthquake. 海地因為地震蒙受了巨大的損失。 ②destroy通常指程度非常嚴重的“毀壞”，一般情況下不可以修復再用。另外，它既可表示毀壞具體的物品，也可表示毀壞抽象的東西。 ③ruin多用于比喻中，有時指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度，還可指價值或用途降低等。注意ruin作名詞的一些短語： in ruins成為廢墟 lead to one's ruin 導致某人的垮臺 go to ruin/fall into ruin/come to ruin 衰落，敗落 ruin one's hopes 使希望破滅 The accident ruined all his life. 這個事故毀了他一生。 1. 他們的傳統(tǒng)生活方式被完全破壞了。 Their traditional way of life has been ________ completely. 2. 這場地震給這座城市帶來了巨大的破壞。 The earthquake did a lot of ____________ to the city. 3. 我被那場官司毀了。我傾家蕩產了。 I ____________ by that law case; I'm a ruined man.

　　【答案】 1. destroyed　 2. damage　 3. was ruined

　　8. shape

　　①n. 形狀,定形,身材

　　in the shape of 成……的形狀

　　The gate was in the shape of a circle.

　　這個大門呈圓形。

　　out of shape 走樣,變形

　　The wheel had been twisted out of shape.

　　輪子已扭曲變形了。

　　take shape 成形

　　The garden is beginning to take shape.

　　這花園逐漸像樣了。 ②vt. 做成某物的形狀,常用搭配shape sth. into sth.

　　shape the cracker into an animal

　　把餅干做成動物的樣子 ③vt. 對某人、某物有著重大影響,決定某事物

　　的性質

　　It was the Greeks who shaped the thinking of

　　Western men.

　　正是希臘人影響了西方人的思維。 9. observe vt. 觀察；注意到；遵守；慶祝 We observed that it had turned cloudy. 我們注意到天已經變陰了。 observe a rule 遵守規(guī)則 observe a person's birthday 慶祝某人的生日 observe sb. do sth. / doing sth.

　　看到某人做某事/正在做某事 observe on / upon… 說……；評論…… observer n.

　　觀察者；遵守者；評論者

　　observant adj.

　　善于觀察的，機警的

　　observation n.

　　觀察，注意

　　observatory n.

　　天文臺；氣象臺；觀察臺 1. 他們忠實地遵守規(guī)則。 They faithfully ____________. 2. 全世界的中國人都慶祝春節(jié)。 Chinese all over the world ____________ the Spring Festival.

　　【答案】 1. observed the rules　 2. observe

　　10. spare

　　①adj. 閑暇的,多余的,備用的

　　We have no spare room for a table.

　　我們沒有放桌子的空地方。

　　I have no spare money this month.

　　這個月我沒有余錢。

　　②vt. 抽出，騰出，讓給

　　I can’t spare you for that job; you must finish

　　this one first.

　　我不能讓你去做那件事；你必須先把這件做完。

　　spare sb. / sth. 不傷害某人或者某物 spare sb. sth. / spare sth. for sb.

　　為某人提供時間或者金錢 spare no effort/pains doing sth. / in sth.

　　不遺余力地做某事

　　I am so busy that I can’t even spare a minute to

　　have a rest.

　　我是如此的忙以致騰不出一分鐘來休息一下。 I can assure you we’ve spared no effort pushing

　　the sales of your products. 我可以向你保證在推銷你方產品時我們從沒 放松努力。 你空閑時間干什么？

　　_____________________________________ 我們目前太忙，抽不出人來幫你。

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________ What do you do in your spare time? We’re too busy to spare anyone to help you right now. 11. work as 做……工作

　　I worked as a secretary after I graduated.

　　畢業(yè)后我做過秘書。 work under sb. 在某人手下工作 work for sb. / sth. 供職于某人或者某公司,也可以表示工作時間。 work away / at / on sth. 忙于某事 work out 解決問題 David has worked under a strict boss for nearly

　　two years. 大衛(wèi)在一個嚴格的老板手下已經差不多工作 兩年了。 He found it very embarrassed to have to work

　　for his former employee. 他覺得要為他以前的雇員工作很尷尬。 I believe that you can work out this problem

　　by yourself. 我相信你自己能做出這道題的。 12. date / go back to, date from 追溯到……

　　This temple dates from the 15th century.

　　這座寺廟建于15世紀。

　　Whenever Grandma talks, she always likes to

　　go back to her youth days.

　　祖母只要一談話, 總是喜歡談到她的青年時代。 trace back to也可以譯為“追溯到……”,一般 要用人作主語；如果物作主語的話,則使用 被動語態(tài)。 The contact between our two countries can be

　　traced back to last century. 我們兩國之間的往來可以追溯到上個世紀。 這座教堂的歷史可以追溯到13世紀。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ 她很怕水,起因可歸于兒時的一次事故。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ The history of this church dates from/back to the 13th century. Her fear of water can be traced back to a childhood accident.

　　1. But what I remembered most is moving a lot.

　　但是我記憶最深的就是多次搬家。

　　主語從句是what I remembered most，謂語

　　是is moving，狀語是a lot。

　　what 用來引導名詞性(主，賓，表，同位語)

　　從句，同時在從句中擔當句子成分。其含義

　　分解為：the＋n.＋that從句，意為“……的”。

　　引導從句時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式；如

　　果表語是復數名詞，則謂語動詞用復數形式。 What surprised us most is that he was late. (what充當主語)最讓我們吃驚的是他遲到了。 What he bought yesterday are 3 books. (what充當賓語)他昨天買的是3本書。 她已經不是幾年前的她了。

　　____________________________________ 我想要的是兩本漢英字典。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ 使我擔心的是我無法及時完成工作。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ She is not what she was a few years ago. What I want are two Chinese-English dictionaries. What worries me is that I can’t finish the work in time. 2. But the house on Mango Street is not the way

　　they described it at all.

　　但是芒果街上的房子完全不是他們所描述

　　的樣子。

　　the way+定語從句

　　當the way作先行詞,其后接定語從句時,從句

　　可用in which或that引導,也可省略。 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

　　* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * She smiles the way (that / in which) her mother does. 她笑起來和她媽媽一樣。 I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at him. 我不喜歡你嘲笑他的方式。 3. 比較結構：as…as…等

　　as…as…意為“和……一樣……”,表示同級的

　　比較。使用時要注意第一個as為副詞,第二個

　　as為連詞。其基本用法為as+adj. / adv.+as…

　　This film is as interesting as that one (is).

　　這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。

　　Your pen writes as smoothly as mine (does).

　　你的鋼筆書寫起來和我的一樣流暢。 其否定式為not as / so+adj. / adv.+as…結構。 This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think it is. 這部字典不如你想象的那樣有用。 I didn’t catch as many as I had expected. 我抓到的不如我預想的那么多。 若有修飾成分,如twice, three times, half, a quarter 等,則其必須置于第一個as之前。 You are not half as clever as you think you are. 你可不像自己想象的一半聰明。

　　幾個關于as…as…的常見句型： ①as…as possible / sb. can 盡可能的

　　Please answer my question as soon as possible.

　　請盡快回答我的問題。

　　②as…as usual / before 像以前一樣……

　　She looks as pretty as before.

　　她看起來和以前一樣漂亮。

　　③as long as 達……之久；和……一樣長；只

　　要(引導條件狀語從句)

　　It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan. 我們花了長達3年時間才完成這項計劃。 ④as far as 遠至；就……而論,據……

　　He walked as far as the railway station yesterday

　　evening.

　　昨天晚上,他一直散步到火車站。

　　⑤as well as 和……一樣好；也；既……

　　又……；除……外,還……

　　She sings as well as she plays.

　　她唱得好,彈得也好。 He gave me his help as well as his criticism. 他除了給我批評外,還給我?guī)椭?這時強調幫助)

　　as black as coal 像煤一樣黑 as brave as a lion 像獅子一樣勇敢 as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一樣忙碌 as deep as a well 像井一樣深 as easy as ABC 像ABC一樣容易 as fat as a pig 像豬一樣肥 as firm as rock 像巖石一樣堅固 as free as a bird 像小鳥一樣自由 as happy as a king 像國王一樣快樂 as blind as a bat 像蝙蝠一樣瞎 as hot as fire 像火一樣熱 as light as a feather 像羽毛一樣輕 as patient as an ox 像牛一樣能忍耐 as poor as a church mouse

　　像教堂的老鼠一樣貧窮 as quick as lightning 像閃電一樣快 as soft as butter 像黃油一樣軟 as sweet as honey 像蜜一樣甜 as white as snow 像雪一樣白 as stupid as a donkey 像驢子一樣笨 as rich as a Jew 像猶太人一樣富裕 as wise as Solomon 像所羅門一樣聰明

　　如何寫好并列句(二)

　　辨清不同功能的并列連詞

　　在寫作中，我們必須認真分析被連接起來的簡單句之間內在的邏輯關系，然后選擇恰當的并列連詞，才能真正寫出質量好的并列句。

　　請認真研讀以下并列句，分析其邏輯關系。試試看，如果用別的功能的并列句連詞替換，邏輯關系是否會仍然成立？ 【例1】 The plane made a sudden turn and all the passengers fell sideward. 【點撥】后一個分句的意思在前一個分句的意思的基礎上有遞進。

　　【例2】 He failed many times, but he didn't despair.

　　【點撥】后一個分句的意思不是前一個分句意思的順接，而是出現轉折的結果。

　　【例3】 We stayed at home, for it was raining. 【點撥】后一個分句是前一個分句的原因的補充。

　　【例4】 He didn't work hard, so he failed in the examination.

　　【點撥】后一個分句是前一個分句的原因的補充。

　　【例5】 Hurry up, or you'll be late for class. 【點撥】后一個分句的結果與前一個分句的結果是相反的。

　　由以上的例句可見，并列連詞的選擇也是要遵循句子間的邏輯關系，如果不小心，同樣會犯邏輯錯誤。

　　請根據所給句子的信息及所提供的并列連詞完成句子 　1.This girl did her work carefully, so… ________________________________________________________________________ 　2. I have to study harder, or… _____________________________________________

　　This girl did her work carefully, so she never made any mistakes.

　　I have to study harder, or I will fall behind others.　

　　3. I want to buy the jacket, but… ________________________________________________________________________ 　4. She didn't come to school today, for… ___________________________________________ 　5. You have to learn English, and… ________________________________________________________________________

　　I want to buy the jacket, but I do not have enough money.

　　She didn't come to school today, for she was ill.

　　You have to learn English, and you must learn it well. * * * * * * * * * * * * * Part 2 Of 2 2024屆名校聯合高三英語一輪復習北師大版廣東專用

　　7. damage, destroy與 ruin

　　這三個詞都有“破壞；損壞”的意思，區(qū)別如下： ①damage一般暗示損壞或破壞具體的物品，損壞后價值或效益會降低。這種損壞是部分性的，程度不那么嚴重，還可以修復再用。也可用于表示損壞抽象的東西，有時該詞也用于比喻。 Haiti suffered great damage from the earthquake. 海地因為地震蒙受了巨大的損失。 ②destroy通常指程度非常嚴重的“毀壞”，一般情況下不可以修復再用。另外，它既可表示毀壞具體的物品，也可表示毀壞抽象的東西。 ③ruin多用于比喻中，有時指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度，還可指價值或用途降低等。注意ruin作名詞的一些短語： in ruins成為廢墟 lead to one's ruin 導致某人的垮臺 go to ruin/fall into ruin/come to ruin 衰落，敗落 ruin one's hopes 使希望破滅 The accident ruined all his life. 這個事故毀了他一生。 1. 他們的傳統(tǒng)生活方式被完全破壞了。 Their traditional way of life has been ________ completely. 2. 這場地震給這座城市帶來了巨大的破壞。 The earthquake did a lot of ____________ to the city. 3. 我被那場官司毀了。我傾家蕩產了。 I ____________ by that law case; I'm a ruined man.

　　【答案】 1. destroyed　 2. damage　 3. was ruined

　　8. shape

　　①n. 形狀,定形,身材

　　in the shape of 成……的形狀

　　The gate was in the shape of a circle.

　　這個大門呈圓形。

　　out of shape 走樣,變形

　　The wheel had been twisted out of shape.

　　輪子已扭曲變形了。

　　take shape 成形

　　The garden is beginning to take shape.

　　這花園逐漸像樣了。 ②vt. 做成某物的形狀,常用搭配shape sth. into sth.

　　shape the cracker into an animal

　　把餅干做成動物的樣子 ③vt. 對某人、某物有著重大影響,決定某事物

　　的性質

　　It was the Greeks who shaped the thinking of

　　Western men.

　　正是希臘人影響了西方人的思維。 9. observe vt. 觀察；注意到；遵守；慶祝 We observed that it had turned cloudy. 我們注意到天已經變陰了。 observe a rule 遵守規(guī)則 observe a person's birthday 慶祝某人的生日 observe sb. do sth. / doing sth.

　　看到某人做某事/正在做某事 observe on / upon… 說……；評論…… observer n.

　　觀察者；遵守者；評論者

　　observant adj.

　　善于觀察的，機警的

　　observation n.

　　觀察，注意

　　observatory n.

　　天文臺；氣象臺；觀察臺 1. 他們忠實地遵守規(guī)則。 They faithfully ____________. 2. 全世界的中國人都慶祝春節(jié)。 Chinese all over the world ____________ the Spring Festival.

　　【答案】 1. observed the rules　 2. observe

　　10. spare

　　①adj. 閑暇的,多余的,備用的

　　We have no spare room for a table.

　　我們沒有放桌子的空地方。

　　I have no spare money this month.

　　這個月我沒有余錢。

　　②vt. 抽出，騰出，讓給

　　I can’t spare you for that job; you must finish

　　this one first.

　　我不能讓你去做那件事；你必須先把這件做完。

　　spare sb. / sth. 不傷害某人或者某物 spare sb. sth. / spare sth. for sb.

　　為某人提供時間或者金錢 spare no effort/pains doing sth. / in sth.

　　不遺余力地做某事

　　I am so busy that I can’t even spare a minute to

　　have a rest.

　　我是如此的忙以致騰不出一分鐘來休息一下。 I can assure you we’ve spared no effort pushing

　　the sales of your products. 我可以向你保證在推銷你方產品時我們從沒 放松努力。 你空閑時間干什么？

　　_____________________________________ 我們目前太忙，抽不出人來幫你。

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________ What do you do in your spare time? We’re too busy to spare anyone to help you right now. 11. work as 做……工作

　　I worked as a secretary after I graduated.

　　畢業(yè)后我做過秘書。 work under sb. 在某人手下工作 work for sb. / sth. 供職于某人或者某公司,也可以表示工作時間。 work away / at / on sth. 忙于某事 work out 解決問題 David has worked under a strict boss for nearly

　　two years. 大衛(wèi)在一個嚴格的老板手下已經差不多工作 兩年了。 He found it very embarrassed to have to work

　　for his former employee. 他覺得要為他以前的雇員工作很尷尬。 I believe that you can work out this problem

　　by yourself. 我相信你自己能做出這道題的。 12. date / go back to, date from 追溯到……

　　This temple dates from the 15th century.

　　這座寺廟建于15世紀。

　　Whenever Grandma talks, she always likes to

　　go back to her youth days.

　　祖母只要一談話, 總是喜歡談到她的青年時代。 trace back to也可以譯為“追溯到……”,一般 要用人作主語；如果物作主語的話,則使用 被動語態(tài)。 The contact between our two countries can be

　　traced back to last century. 我們兩國之間的往來可以追溯到上個世紀。 這座教堂的歷史可以追溯到13世紀。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ 她很怕水,起因可歸于兒時的一次事故。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ The history of this church dates from/back to the 13th century. Her fear of water can be traced back to a childhood accident.

　　1. But what I remembered most is moving a lot.

　　但是我記憶最深的就是多次搬家。

　　主語從句是what I remembered most，謂語

　　是is moving，狀語是a lot。

　　what 用來引導名詞性(主，賓，表，同位語)

　　從句，同時在從句中擔當句子成分。其含義

　　分解為：the＋n.＋that從句，意為“……的”。

　　引導從句時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式；如

　　果表語是復數名詞，則謂語動詞用復數形式。 What surprised us most is that he was late. (what充當主語)最讓我們吃驚的是他遲到了。 What he bought yesterday are 3 books. (what充當賓語)他昨天買的是3本書。 她已經不是幾年前的她了。

　　____________________________________ 我想要的是兩本漢英字典。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ 使我擔心的是我無法及時完成工作。

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________ She is not what she was a few years ago. What I want are two Chinese-English dictionaries. What worries me is that I can’t finish the work in time. 2. But the house on Mango Street is not the way

　　they described it at all.

　　但是芒果街上的房子完全不是他們所描述

　　的樣子。

　　the way+定語從句

　　當the way作先行詞,其后接定語從句時,從句

　　可用in which或that引導,也可省略。 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *