Unit 16　Scientists at work Warming up,Listening and Speaking

　　詞匯講解

　　三點(diǎn)剖析

　　1....discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following scientific discoveries...

　　討論下列科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)……

　　advantage n.有利條件;優(yōu)點(diǎn)

　　【典型例句】

　　Given a good education,Tom has an advantage over other boys.

　　接受過(guò)良好教育,湯姆比其他男孩占優(yōu)勢(shì)。

　　He always takes advantage of the mistakes made by others.他總是吸取別人所犯錯(cuò)誤的教訓(xùn)。

　　Attending more scientific lectures is of great advantage to me.

　　多參加一些科學(xué)講座對(duì)我很有益。

　　【要點(diǎn)歸納】

　　advantage作“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，有利條件”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞;作“利益,好處”講時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配:have/gain/win an advantage over...占/獲得優(yōu)勢(shì);take advantage of sth.利用;be to one’s advantage/to the advantage of...對(duì)某人有利;have the advantage of sb.較某人有利,比某人強(qiáng)。

　　【相關(guān)鏈接】

　　disadvantage是advantage的反義詞,表示“不利,損失”時(shí)不可數(shù),表示“不利的情況,不便之事”時(shí)可數(shù)。多用于搭配:be at a disadvantage處于不利地位;to one’s disadvantage對(duì)某人不利。例如:

　　It’s a disadvantage not to know English when you go abroad.

　　出國(guó)時(shí)不懂英語(yǔ)是個(gè)不利條件。

　　Your behavior is a disadvantage to your reputation.

　　你的行為有損你的聲譽(yù)。完成句子

　　(1)The present international situation is _______________(對(duì)中國(guó)有利).

　　(2)In working out maths problems,my desk-mate ______________(比大部分女生強(qiáng)).

　　(3)I feel_______________(處于不利地位) playing with him.

　　(4)The Chinese government is trying to _________________(利用寶貴的時(shí)間) to develop the economy.

　　(5)Age and experience are __________________(他的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)).

　　答案:(1)to China’s advantage

　　(2)has the advantage of most of the girls

　　(3)at a disadvantage

　　(4)take advantage of the valuable time

　　(5)his main advantages

　　選擇

　　（6）—How about the coins?

　　—Well,coins have many __________.They can be stored without worrying that they will rot away.

　　A.effects

　　B.advantages

　　C.disadvantages　D.uses

　　提示:由答語(yǔ)的后一句看出答案,應(yīng)使用advantages(優(yōu)點(diǎn))。答案:B

　　2.It brings people more comfort.

　　它使人們更舒適。

　　comfort n.舒適;安慰

　　【典型例句】

　　I took comfort in her words,feeling more comfortable.

　　我從她的話中得到安慰,感到好受多了。

　　Taken good care of,the retired men live in comfort.

　　由于被照顧得很好,退休人員生活舒適。

　　Her success in her cause is a great comfort to her parents.

　　她在事業(yè)上的成功對(duì)父母來(lái)說(shuō)一大慰藉。

　　These fivestar level hotels offer modern comforts.

　　這些五星級(jí)賓館有現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備。

　　【要點(diǎn)歸納】

　　comfort表示“安慰;舒服;舒適”不可數(shù);指“使生活舒適之物;帶來(lái)安慰的人或物”時(shí)可數(shù)。

　　【相關(guān)鏈接】

　　(1)comfort用作動(dòng)詞,表示“安慰;慰問(wèn)”。例如:

　　It comforts me to know that the crew is safe.

　　機(jī)組人員平安無(wú)事的消息使我寬心。

　　No one comforted me when I was sad about my pet dog’s death.在我因?qū)櫸锕返乃劳龆瘋麜r(shí)沒(méi)有人安慰我。

　　(2)comfortable adj. 安慰的,舒適的,輕松的。反義詞 uncomfortable　例如:

　　She wanted to find a comfortable job after graduation.

　　她畢業(yè)后想找個(gè)輕松的工作。

　　選擇

　　(1)A hot cup of tea on a cold winter night is _________.

　　A.real comfort　

　　B.a real comfort

　　C.real comforts

　　D.real comfortable

　　提示:“使人安慰或舒服的人或事”,comfort用作可數(shù)名詞。

　　答案:B

　　(2)I feel _______ at home than outside.

　　A.even comfortable 

　　B.much comfortable

　　C.much more comfortable

　　D.comfortabler

　　提示:comfortable是多音節(jié)詞,故加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí),前面的much表示“程度”。

　　答案:C

　　翻譯

　　(3)和你在一起真愉快。

　　_______________________________________

　　(4)我盡力安慰她從而使她平靜下來(lái)。

　　_______________________________________

　　答案:

　　(3)It’s a comfort to be with you.

　　(4)I tried to comfort her to make her settle down.

　　3.It is unnecessary.

　　那是沒(méi)有必要的。

　　unnecessary adj.不必要的;多余的

　　【典型例句】

　　Your rude reply is unnecessary.

　　你大可不必粗野地回答。

　　It’s unnecessary to telephone him at such time.

　　沒(méi)有必要此時(shí)給他打電話。

　　Dictionaries are necessary to all students.

　　字典是學(xué)生都需要的。

　　It is necessary for him to do more in the house because his mother is ill.

　　他媽媽有病使他有必要做更多的家務(wù)。It’s necessary that we(should) improve the method of study.

　　我們有必要改進(jìn)自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。

　　【要點(diǎn)歸納】

　　necessary/unnecessary是指事物的形容詞,作表語(yǔ)時(shí),可用事物名詞作主語(yǔ),不能用人作主語(yǔ)。常用于下列兩個(gè)句型:(1)It is necessary/unnecessary for sb.to do sth.(2)It’s necessary/unnecessary that+從句,都表示“某人有必要/沒(méi)必要做某事”,但接從句時(shí),從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。【相關(guān)鏈接】

　　There is no need(for sb.) to do sth.(某人)沒(méi)有必要做某事。例如:

　　There is no need to import so many cars now.

　　現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有必要進(jìn)口這么多汽車(chē)。改錯(cuò)

　　(1)He is necessary to get up early tomorrow morning.

　　_____________________________________________________________________

　　(2)It is no need to send more fire fighters because the fire has been put out.

　　_____________________________________________________________________

　　答案:

　　(1)It is necessary for him to get up early tomorrow morning./It is necessary that he should get up early next morning.

　　(2)It→There

　　選擇

　　(3)We have found _________ necessary to put away some money for old age.

　　A.this

　　B.which

　　C.that

　　D.it

　　提示:it代替后面的不定式作形式賓語(yǔ)。

　　答案:D

　　(4)All agree that it is ____________ to bring in more foreign films in order to protect China’s film industry.

　　A.necessary

　　B.unnecessary

　　C.no need

　　D.much need

　　提示:句中的不定式短語(yǔ)暗示“沒(méi)有必要進(jìn)口更多的外國(guó)電影”,故使用unnecessary。

　　答案:B

　　Unit 16　Scientists at work Warming up,Listening and Speaking

　　詞匯講解

　　三點(diǎn)剖析

　　1....discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following scientific discoveries...

　　討論下列科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)……

　　advantage n.有利條件;優(yōu)點(diǎn)

　　【典型例句】

　　Given a good education,Tom has an advantage over other boys.

　　接受過(guò)良好教育,湯姆比其他男孩占優(yōu)勢(shì)。

　　He always takes advantage of the mistakes made by others.他總是吸取別人所犯錯(cuò)誤的教訓(xùn)。

　　Attending more scientific lectures is of great advantage to me.

　　多參加一些科學(xué)講座對(duì)我很有益。

　　【要點(diǎn)歸納】

　　advantage作“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，有利條件”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞;作“利益,好處”講時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配:have/gain/win an advantage over...占/獲得優(yōu)勢(shì);take advantage of sth.利用;be to one’s advantage/to the advantage of...對(duì)某人有利;have the advantage of sb.較某人有利,比某人強(qiáng)。

　　【相關(guān)鏈接】

　　disadvantage是advantage的反義詞,表示“不利,損失”時(shí)不可數(shù),表示“不利的情況,不便之事”時(shí)可數(shù)。多用于搭配:be at a disadvantage處于不利地位;to one’s disadvantage對(duì)某人不利。例如:

　　It’s a disadvantage not to know English when you go abroad.

　　出國(guó)時(shí)不懂英語(yǔ)是個(gè)不利條件。

　　Your behavior is a disadvantage to your reputation.

　　你的行為有損你的聲譽(yù)。完成句子

　　(1)The present international situation is _______________(對(duì)中國(guó)有利).

　　(2)In working out maths problems,my desk-mate ______________(比大部分女生強(qiáng)).

　　(3)I feel_______________(處于不利地位) playing with him.

　　(4)The Chinese government is trying to _________________(利用寶貴的時(shí)間) to develop the economy.

　　(5)Age and experience are __________________(他的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)).

　　答案:(1)to China’s advantage

　　(2)has the advantage of most of the girls

　　(3)at a disadvantage

　　(4)take advantage of the valuable time

　　(5)his main advantages

　　選擇

　　（6）—How about the coins?

　　—Well,coins have many __________.They can be stored without worrying that they will rot away.

　　A.effects

　　B.advantages

　　C.disadvantages　D.uses

　　提示:由答語(yǔ)的后一句看出答案,應(yīng)使用advantages(優(yōu)點(diǎn))。答案:B

　　2.It brings people more comfort.

　　它使人們更舒適。

　　comfort n.舒適;安慰

　　【典型例句】

　　I took comfort in her words,feeling more comfortable.

　　我從她的話中得到安慰,感到好受多了。

　　Taken good care of,the retired men live in comfort.

　　由于被照顧得很好,退休人員生活舒適。

　　Her success in her cause is a great comfort to her parents.

　　她在事業(yè)上的成功對(duì)父母來(lái)說(shuō)一大慰藉。

　　These fivestar level hotels offer modern comforts.

　　這些五星級(jí)賓館有現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備。

　　【要點(diǎn)歸納】

　　comfort表示“安慰;舒服;舒適”不可數(shù);指“使生活舒適之物;帶來(lái)安慰的人或物”時(shí)可數(shù)。

　　【相關(guān)鏈接】

　　(1)comfort用作動(dòng)詞,表示“安慰;慰問(wèn)”。例如:

　　It comforts me to know that the crew is safe.

　　機(jī)組人員平安無(wú)事的消息使我寬心。

　　No one comforted me when I was sad about my pet dog’s death.在我因?qū)櫸锕返乃劳龆瘋麜r(shí)沒(méi)有人安慰我。

　　(2)comfortable adj. 安慰的,舒適的,輕松的。反義詞 uncomfortable　例如:

　　She wanted to find a comfortable job after graduation.

　　她畢業(yè)后想找個(gè)輕松的工作。

　　選擇

　　(1)A hot cup of tea on a cold winter night is _________.

　　A.real comfort　

　　B.a real comfort

　　C.real comforts

　　D.real comfortable

　　提示:“使人安慰或舒服的人或事”,comfort用作可數(shù)名詞。

　　答案:B

　　(2)I feel _______ at home than outside.

　　A.even comfortable 

　　B.much comfortable

　　C.much more comfortable

　　D.comfortabler

　　提示:comfortable是多音節(jié)詞,故加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí),前面的much表示“程度”。

　　答案:C

　　翻譯

　　(3)和你在一起真愉快。

　　_______________________________________

　　(4)我盡力安慰她從而使她平靜下來(lái)。

　　_______________________________________

　　答案:

　　(3)It’s a comfort to be with you.

　　(4)I tried to comfort her to make her settle down.

　　3.It is unnecessary.

　　那是沒(méi)有必要的。

　　unnecessary adj.不必要的;多余的

　　【典型例句】

　　Your rude reply is unnecessary.

　　你大可不必粗野地回答。

　　It’s unnecessary to telephone him at such time.

　　沒(méi)有必要此時(shí)給他打電話。

　　Dictionaries are necessary to all students.

　　字典是學(xué)生都需要的。

　　It is necessary for him to do more in the house because his mother is ill.

　　他媽媽有病使他有必要做更多的家務(wù)。It’s necessary that we(should) improve the method of study.

　　我們有必要改進(jìn)自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。

　　【要點(diǎn)歸納】

　　necessary/unnecessary是指事物的形容詞,作表語(yǔ)時(shí),可用事物名詞作主語(yǔ),不能用人作主語(yǔ)。常用于下列兩個(gè)句型:(1)It is necessary/unnecessary for sb.to do sth.(2)It’s necessary/unnecessary that+從句,都表示“某人有必要/沒(méi)必要做某事”,但接從句時(shí),從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。【相關(guān)鏈接】

　　There is no need(for sb.) to do sth.(某人)沒(méi)有必要做某事。例如:

　　There is no need to import so many cars now.

　　現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有必要進(jìn)口這么多汽車(chē)。改錯(cuò)

　　(1)He is necessary to get up early tomorrow morning.

　　_____________________________________________________________________

　　(2)It is no need to send more fire fighters because the fire has been put out.

　　_____________________________________________________________________

　　答案:

　　(1)It is necessary for him to get up early tomorrow morning./It is necessary that he should get up early next morning.

　　(2)It→There

　　選擇

　　(3)We have found _________ necessary to put away some money for old age.

　　A.this

　　B.which

　　C.that

　　D.it

　　提示:it代替后面的不定式作形式賓語(yǔ)。

　　答案:D

　　(4)All agree that it is ____________ to bring in more foreign films in order to protect China’s film industry.

　　A.necessary

　　B.unnecessary

　　C.no need

　　D.much need

　　提示:句中的不定式短語(yǔ)暗示“沒(méi)有必要進(jìn)口更多的外國(guó)電影”,故使用unnecessary。

　　答案:B