高考英語語法專項訓練：第8講-非謂語動詞（快班）
Practise 1). When _______(heat) water will be changed
into vapour.
While _______ (heat) water, we can change it into vapour.
2) ______(see) from the hill, the city looks beautiful.
_______ (see) from the hill,
you will find the city beautiful.
3) Generally speaking, when
________(take) according to the directions, the drug has no
side effect.
If ________(take) the drug according to the directions, you will be better soon. heated heating Seen Seeing
taken taking 2.(2010高考英語上海秋季卷,33) Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ______ with her stories. amused
B. amusing C. to amuse
D. to be amused
【答案】A 返回目錄 3.(2010年高考北京卷)I’m calling to enquire
About the position_____ in yesterday’s China
Daily. A. advertised
B.
advertising C. being advertised
C.
to advertise
A
doing…
being done
having done…
having been done 一般式(doing)表示主動的
一般性的動作或者正在進行的動作； 被動式(being done)表示正在進行的
被動的動作； 完成式(having done)表示發生在謂語動作之前
的主動的動作； 完成被動式(having being done)
表示發生在謂語動作之前的被動的動作。 作狀語可以表示時間、原因、
條件、讓步、
結果、方式
或伴隨情況。 分詞作狀語時的邏輯主語問題
分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須同句子的主語一致；如果不一致，需在分詞前加一個邏輯主語，分詞和它的邏輯主語合稱獨立主格結構或用狀語從句。
1) Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly.
2) He being an orphan, the nurse treated him
kindly.
3) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him
kindly.
F T T (True or false) 現在分詞與不定式作結果狀語時的區別
1). European football is played in 80 countries , _________ it the most popular sport in the world . (NMET 1998)
A. making
B. makes
C. make
D. to make
2). He hurried to the station only ________ that the train had left . (2005廣東)
A. to find
B. finding
C. found
D. to have found
現在分詞作結果狀語往往表示“正常出現的、自 然而然的或意料之中”的結果。不定式作結果狀語 時通常表示“偶然的、出乎意料的”一種結果
A A 非謂語動詞 主語 賓語 賓補 主補 定語 狀語 表語 不定式 -ing分詞 過去分詞 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
表示心理狀態的動詞如excite, interest等都是及物 動詞，漢語注解不是“激動”、“高興”，而是“使得激 動”、“使高興”，因而現在分詞應該是“令人激動的”、 “令人高興的”，過去分詞則是“感到激動的”和“感到高 興的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡 是表示“感到 ……”都用-ed形式。換句話說，若人 對……感興趣，就是somebody is interested in...， 若人/物本身有趣時，就是sb./sth. is
interesting。 6、現在分詞和過去分詞作表語的區別 delighting 令人高興的——delighted 感到高興的 disappointing 令人失望的——disappointed 感到
失望的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的——encouraged 感到鼓
舞的 pleasing 令人愉快的——pleased
感到愉快的 puzzling 令人費解的——puzzled
感到費解的 satisfying 令人滿意的——satisfied
感到滿意的 surprising 令人驚異的——surprised
感到驚異的 worrying 令人擔心的——worried
感到擔心的
7、動名詞的復合結構
動名詞的復合結構由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓 格、名詞所有格或普通格加動名詞構成。
1) LiPing’s/ My helping her moved her deeply.
2) I appreciate your/you/LiPing’s/ LiPing coming
to see me.
3) Is there any hope of our team winning the
match?
4) What made me angry was many students
failing in the exam.
(動名詞結構作賓語, 其邏輯主語用賓格或所有格均可) (動名詞結構作主語, 其邏輯主語用所有格) (邏輯主語是無生命名詞時, 只用普通格) (以-s 結尾的名詞, 只用普通格) 1) I would appreciate _____ back this afternoon .
A. you to call
B. you call
C. your calling
D. you’re calling
2) ________ made her mother very angry.
A. Mary marrying
Jim
B. Mary’s married Jim
C. Mary’s marrying Jim
D. Mary’s being married Jim C
C
獨立主格結構 練習： 造一個含有獨立主格結構的句子 All flights_____ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train.
A. were canceled
B. had been canceled
C. having canceled
D. having been canceled 2. _____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.
A. Being no rain
B. There was no rain
C. To be no rain
D. There being no rain 3. Everything _______ into consideration, they believed themselves more and returned to their positions.
A. to take
B. taken
C. to be taken
D. taking D D B Thank you!
非
謂
語
動
詞
Non-predicate Verbs 1.(2011高考英語陜西卷,20) More highways have
been built in China,_____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. A. making
B. made
C. to make
D. having made 【答案】A 返回目錄 2.(2011高考英語陜西卷,14) Chaire had her luggage ______ an hour before her plane left. A. check
B. checking
C.
to check
D. checked
【答案】D 返回目錄 3.(2010高考英語上海秋季卷,33) Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ______ with her stories. amused
B. amusing C. to amuse
D. to be amused
【答案】A 返回目錄 4.(2011高考全國卷,27) The next thing he saw was smoke _____ from behind the house. A. rose
B. rising
C. to rise
D. risen
【答案】B 返回目錄
什么是非謂
語動詞啊？
“非謂語非謂語”,就是不是謂語的動詞唄! 那“不是謂語” 是什么呢？ …… 英語一個簡單句只能有一個主謂結構 如果出現更多主謂結構，可以用以下 方法：
加入并列連詞，構成并列句（and / but / so…）
放入從句，構成主從復合句
變為非謂語動詞，構成動詞短語加句子
主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、補語
1、什么叫非謂語動詞？與謂語動詞有什么區別？ 2 、非謂語動詞有哪些？ 有哪些具體的不同形式？ 3、 不同的非謂語動詞表示的動作與謂語動詞表示
的動作的先后關系是什么？ 4、 非謂語動詞在句中通常作什么成分？
一、要點知識檢查及重難點強調與提醒
非謂語動詞就是不能作句子謂語而具有其他語法功能的動詞。
1、什么叫非謂語動詞？與謂語動詞有什么區別？ 非謂語動詞的三種形式
-ing形式
-ed形式
to do不定式 非謂語動詞 同謂語動詞的區別
謂語動詞——只能做謂語；有人稱和數的變化；有時態、語態和語氣的變化。
非謂語動詞——不能做謂語，也沒有人稱和數的變化；仍具有動詞的特點，有時態和語態的變化；如果是及物動詞(vt.)后面可接賓語。 ① At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant
park with trees providing shade and _____
down to eat our picnic lunch. (2005上海）
A. sitting
B. having sat
C. to sit
D. sat D ② Prices of daily goods _____ through a
computer can be lower than store prices.
A.
are bought
B. bought
C.
have been bought
D. buying B 非謂語 不定式（to do) 過去分詞(-ed) - ing 分詞 -ed 分詞 2 非謂語動詞有哪些？ 非謂語動詞的時態和語態
(以動詞make為例) 時態 語態 主動語態 被動語態
-ing 一般式
完成式
-ed 一般式
to do 一般式 完成式 進行式
making
being made
having made having been made
/
made
to make to be made to have made to have been made to be making
/ 3 非謂語動詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作的先后關系是什么？
非謂語表示的動作
非謂語動詞的形式 在謂語表示的動作之后 與謂語表示的動作同時發生 在謂語表示的動作之前 to do/to be done
to do/to be done /to be doing ; doing/being done ;
done; to have done/to have been done ; having done/having been done 弄清非謂語動詞表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作 之間的先后關系是解題的關鍵所在 動詞-ing：主，謂,
賓，定,
狀,
表，補 動詞-ed： 主，謂,
賓，定,
狀,
表，補 不定式：
主，謂,
賓，定,
狀,
表，補 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 4、 非謂語動詞在句中通常作什么成分？
二、幾個重要區別 1、不定式和ing分詞均能作主語，二者有何區別？ 2、 不定式和動名詞都可作賓語, 有何區別？ 3、 不定式和分詞作賓語補足語表達的意義有何不同？ 4、不定式、ing 分詞和過去分詞都可以作定語， 主要區別是什么？ 5、能作狀語的有不定式、現在分詞和過去分詞。 作什么樣的狀語取決于什么因素？ 6、現在分詞和過去分詞作表語的區別是什么？ 7、動名詞的復合結構是什么？
1.表示某一具體的動作時，多用不定式；表示比較抽象的一般行為傾向的，多用動名詞。
2.動名詞作主語 時通常位于句首；不定式作主語時常置于句末，用it作形式主語放在句首。
1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.
2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.
(抽象) (具體)
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
若主語和表語都是非謂語動詞, 應保持形式
上的一致。
1、不定式和ing分詞均能作主語，二者有何區別？ 1). It’s necessary to be prepared for a job
interview. ________the answers ready
will be of great help.
A. To have
B. Having had
C. Have
D. Having
2). In fact _____ is a hard job for the police
to keep order in an important match.
A. this
B. that
C. there
D. it
D D 下列句型中常用動名詞作主語: It is/was
no use/good not any use/good of little use/good useless +doing sth. 2、不定式和動名詞都可作賓語, 有何區別？
2）. 有些動詞后只跟動名詞作賓語 3）.有些動詞后既可以跟不定式又可以跟動名詞作賓語，意義上無多大區別 4）.有些動詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動名詞作賓語，但意義上有明顯差別
1）. 有些動詞后只跟不定式作賓語
1）. 有些動詞后只跟不定式作賓語，如：
…… manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(幫助)，want(想要) ,refuse等。
2）. 有些動詞后只跟動名詞作賓語，如：
……practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in...
1) I can’t stand ______ with Jane in the same
office. She just refuses _____ talking while
she works.
A. working; stopping
B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop
D. to work; to stop
2) He got well-prepared for the job interview,
for he couldn’t risk ____ the good opportunity.
A. to lose
B. losing
C. to be lost
D. being lost C B
3）.有些動詞如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分詞作賓語，意義上無多大區別(但ing分詞一般表示經常性的行為；不定式表示具體的行為)。
I like __________ very much, but I don't
like _________ this afternoon.
A. swimming, swimming???
?B. to swim, to swim
C. swimming, to swim??
?
?D. to swim, swimming
C
Little Jim should love __________ to the theatre this evening
A. to be taken?
B. to take????
C. being taken?
?D. taking 如果like, love, prefer前有would/
should,
后面則應該接動詞不定式。
A A would like 還有哪些用法？ 4）.有些動詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動名詞作賓語，但意義上有明顯差別。 討論：有哪些單詞或短語？
go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doing
can’t help to do / doing
be used to do / doing
( get used to doing)
(used to do)
Children should be allowed ______ their own decisions.
A. making
B. to make
C. make
D. having made B My advisor encouraged _____ a summer
course to improve my writing skills.
A. for me taking
B. me taking
C. for me to take
D. me to take
D 3. 不定式和分詞作賓語補足語表達的意義不同。
